Vandalizing American History: A List of 113 Toppled, Defaced, or Removed Statues
Virginia Allen /
The list of American statues and other monuments that have been toppled, decapitated, defaced, or removed since the May 25 killing of George Floyd in Minneapolis grew longer almost daily through June and July. The pace of such incidents then slowed, but continued to occur into October.
A mob cheered as it pulled down a statue of Christopher Columbus in Saint Paul, Minnesota. In Washington, D.C., rioters used ropes to tear down a bronze depiction of Albert Pike, a Confederate general, and then set the 11-foot statue on fire.
>>> Related: 8 Acts of Vandalism, Desecration at Churches Across Nation
Vandals have not discriminated among the monuments they target, defacing statues of Confederate and Union soldiers alike, and going after those that have no association with racism, such as a 120-year-old statue of an elk in Portland, Oregon.
Vandals defaced—and/or officials removed—at least four statues and other monuments in each of eight states: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Louisiana, New York, Oregon, and Texas. Eight such incidents occurred in North Carolina, 12 in California, and 15 in Virginia.
Here is a list of 104 statues and other monuments vandalized or removed since May 30, according to news reports. The list may not be complete, so numerous are the incidents.
1. May 30: Edward Carmack, Tennessee
Rioters pulled down a statue in Nashville, Tennessee, depicting 19th-century newspaper editor Edward Carmack. According to the Tennessee State Museum, Carmack criticized Ida B. Wells, an African American journalist and civil rights advocate who wrote against racial injustice.
2. May 30: Confederate monument, Mississippi
Vandals painted red handprints on the University of Mississippi’s Confederate monument in Oxford, Mississippi, along with the words “spiritual genocide.”
3. May 31: Charles Linn, Alabama
A mob toppled a statue of Charles Linn, a Confederate navy captain who was one of the founders of Birmingham, Alabama. The vandals set afire and defaced the depiction of Linn once it was on the ground.
4. June 1: Gen. Robert E. Lee, Alabama
Police arrested and charged three men and one woman in connection with toppling a statue of Robert E. Lee outside a high school in Montgomery, Alabama, that bears the name of the celebrated Confederate general. Authorities dropped charges of first-degree criminal mischief against all four June 11.
5. June 2: Gen. Robert E. Lee, Maryland
Someone applied graffiti to deface the plaque in front of the statue of Lee at Antietam National Battlefield in Sharpsburg, Maryland.
6. June 2: “Appomattox,” Virginia
The United Daughters of the Confederacy removed the “Appomattox” statue in Alexandria depicting a lone soldier to commemorate all of the city’s Confederate soldiers. The bronze statue had stood in Old Town Alexandria since 1899.
7. June 3: Confederate Cemetery, South Carolina
A vandal or vandals defaced a Confederate monument at a cemetery in Mount Pleasant, South Carolina, by painting a swastika, the letter “X,” and the letters “USA” on it.
8. June 3: Mayor Frank Rizzo, Pennsylvania
Workers removed a statue of Frank Rizzo, the Democratic mayor of Philadelphia in the 1970s, from the steps of the Municipal Services Building. Someone had spray-painted the bronze statue of Rizzo, also a former Philadelphia police chief. Rizzo allowed violence against black Americans while mayor from 1972 to 1980, The Philadelphia Inquirer reported.
9. June 4: Gen. Robert E. Lee, Virginia
A judge blocked the efforts of Virginia Gov. Ralph Northam, a Democrat, to remove a 60-foot statue of Lee from Monument Avenue in Richmond. Vandals had covered the statue in graffiti, and its location has been the site of numerous protests since Floyd’s death.
10. June 5: Orville Hubbard, Michigan
Officials in Dearborn, Michigan, removed a statue of Orville Hubbard, the city’s mayor from 1942 to 1978. Hubbard was a firm advocate of racial segregation, accrding to the Detroit Historical Society. The family of the late mayor now possesses the statue, which had stood outside the Dearborn Historical Museum.
11. June 5: Adm. Raphael Semmes, Alabama
Crews removed a statue of Raphael Semmes, an admiral in the Confederate navy, in downtown Mobile, Alabama. “Moving this statue will not change the past. It is about removing a potential distraction so we may focus clearly on the future of our city,” Mayor Sandy Stimpson, a Republican, said.
12. June 6: Williams Carter Wickham, Virginia
Demonstrators toppled a statue of Williams Carter Wickham, a Confederate general, in Richmond’s Monroe Park. Graffiti reading “BLM” (an acronym for Black Lives Matter) covered the base of the statue, which had stood in the park since 1891.
13. June 8: Confederate monument, Virginia
Rioters littered a Confederate monument in Norfolk, Virginia, with toilet paper and graffiti, including the letters “BLM.” City officials said they planned to remove the monument.
14. June 8: Confederate monument, Indiana
Indianapolis city workers removed a monument dedicated to Confederate soldiers who died in a Union prison camp in Indianapolis during the Civil War. “We must name these instances of discrimination and never forget our past—but we should not honor them,” Mayor Joe Hogsett, a Democrat, said.
15. June 8: John Breckinridge Castleman, Kentucky
City crews in Louisville, Kentucky, removed a statue of John Breckinridge Castleman, a Confederate officer, from the center of the Cherokee Triangle neighborhood. Castleman became a brigadier general in the U.S. Army after the Civil War and was instrumental in setting up Louisville’s segregated park system, The Courier-Journal reported. Officials planned to move the statue to Cave Hill Cemetery, where Castleman is buried.
16. June 8: Confederate monument, North Carolina
The City Council of Rocky Mount, North Carolina, approved removal of a Confederate monument featuring a soldier standing atop a tall pillar.
17. June 8: Confederate statue, Florida
Crews removed a statue of a Confederate soldier from Hemming Park in Jacksonville, Florida. “We’ve got to find a way to come together,” Mayor Lenny Curry, a Republican, said the next day. “We’re not going to agree on everything—that’s just not human history, human nature. We’ve got to find common ground.”
18. June 9: Lawrence Sullivan Ross, Texas
A man spray-painted the word “racist” and the acronyms “BLM” and “ACAB” (an acronym for “All Cops Are Bastards”) on a statue of Lawrence Sullivan Ross, a Confederate general, on the Texas A&M campus in College Station. The man also placed a rainbow wig on the statue’s head.
19. June 9: Confederate monument, Texas
A small group of demonstrators used black spray paint to cover a plaque at a monument reading “In memory of our Confederate patriots 1861-1865,” outside the Walker County Courthouse in Huntsville, Texas.
20. Early June: Matthias Baldwin, Pennsylvania
Vandals defaced a statue of inventor, manufacturer, and abolitionist Matthias Baldwin in Philadelphia with graffiti reading “COLONIZER” and “MURDERER” on an unknown date in early June. They also covered the face of the statue with red paint.
21. June 10: Jefferson Davis, Virginia
Demonstrators used ropes to pull down a statue of Jefferson Davis, president of the Confederacy, in Richmond, Virginia, which was the capital of the Confederate States of America. The bronze depiction of Davis originally was placed along Monument Avenue in 1907.
22. June 10: Confederate monument, Virginia
A large crowd beheaded statues of four Confederate soldiers, all part of the same monument, in Portsmouth, Virginia. Rioters covered the monument with graffiti and pulled down one figure, which hit a man in the head, landing him in a hospital.
23. June 10: Christopher Columbus, Massachusetts
Vandals beheaded the statue of Columbus in Boston’s North End, prompting the city to remove it. Vandals previously had defaced the statue with paint in 2015 and beheaded it in 2006.
24. June 10: Christopher Columbus, Virginia
Rioters pulled down the statue of Columbus that had stood in Richmond, Virginia, since 1927. They placed a burning American flag on top of the statue before throwing it into a nearby lake.
25. June 10: Christopher Columbus, Minnesota
Protesters gathered outside the Minnesota State Capitol in Saint Paul used rope to pull down a 10-foot bronze statue of Columbus.
26. June 10: Christopher Columbus, Florida
Rioters spray-painted black-power fists, a hammer and sickle, and the initials BLM over a plaque beneath the statue of Columbus in Miami. They also covered the statue’s face and hands in red paint. Police arrested seven suspects shortly afterward.
27. June 10: Juan Ponce de León, Florida
Vandals spray-painted a statue of Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León in Bayfront Park, the same Miami park where someone defaced the Columbus statue. Authorities said a protest began peacefully, but quickly grew violent.
28. June 10: Confederate monument, Alabama
The Madison County Commission voted to remove a Confederate monument outside the courthouse in downtown Huntsville, Alabama. Update: Before the city could remove the monument, vandals defaced the tall pedestal of the statue with red paint Aug. 5, WAAY-TV reported.
29. June 11: Don Juan de Oñate, Texas
Vandals spray-painted obscenities and other words on a sculpture of Spanish conquistador Don Juan de Oñate outside El Paso International Airport in Texas.
30. June 11: “One Riot, One Ranger,” Texas
A city work crew removed a statue of a Texas Ranger entitled “One Riot, One Ranger” that had stood at Love Field airport in Dallas since 1963.
31. June 11: Philip Schuyler, New York
Officials decided to remove a statue of Philip Schuyler, a Revolutionary War general, from in front of Albany City Hall. In a tweet, Albany Mayor Kathy Sheehan, a Democrat, said Schuyler reportedly was “the largest owner of enslaved people in Albany during his time.”
32. June 12: Christopher Columbus, Pennsylvania
Vandals defaced the base of a Columbus statue with red handprints and graffiti reading “MURDER” and “OG PIG” in Pittsburgh’s Schenley Park. The incident marked the third time the statue has been defaced in recent years.
33. June 13: Christopher Columbus, Rhode Island
Workers removed a statue of Columbus in Providence, Rhode Island, after rioters splashed red paint across it and hung a sign reading, “STOP CELEBRATING GENOCIDE.” The city officials were determining whether they would relocate the statue.
34. June 13: Christopher Columbus, Illinois
A vandal or vandals spray-painted the acronym BLM on a statue of Columbus on Chicago’s Museum Campus.
35. June 13: John McDonogh, Louisiana
A group of vandals toppled a bust of John McDonogh, a wealthy entrepreneur and slave owner who died in 1850, in New Orleans’ Duncan Plaza near City Hall. Police arrested and charged two men, identified as Caleb Wassell, 27, and Michaela Davis, 32, who they said drove the bust to the Mississippi River and dumped it into the water.
Police charged both men with inciting a riot; charged Wassell with theft and possession of stolen goods; and charged Davis with being a principal to theft. A magistrate released them the next morning on their own recognizance. Police were looking for a third man who they said hammered and spray-painted the bust.
36. June 13: ‘Pioneer statues,’ Oregon
Vandals toppled two statues, one known as “The Pioneer” and the other as “The Pioneer Mother,” at the University of Oregon.
37. June 14: Thomas Jefferson, Oregon
A mob of about 15 pulled down a statue of Thomas Jefferson in Portland, Oregon, using ropes and an ax. They also defaced the statue, which stood outside Thomas Jefferson High School, with graffiti reading “SLAVE OWNER,” among other things.
38. June 14: George Washington, Illinois
Vandals defaced a statue of the Founding Father and first president in Washington Park, covering the base in red spray paint reading “SLAVE OWNER” and “GOD BLESS AMERIKKKA.” The perpetrators also placed a white gown and hood on the sculpture.
39. June 14: John Greenleaf Whittier, California
A vandal or vandals spray-painted a statue of 19th-century Quaker poet and abolitionist John Greenleaf Whittier in the city named after him, writing “BLM” and “— Slave Owners” on it. Whittier was a delegate to the first meeting of the American Anti-Slavery Convention, the Whittier Daily News reported.
40. June 15: Don Juan de Oñate, New Mexico
Albuquerque Mayor Tim Keller, a Democrat, announced the removal of a statue of Spanish conquistador Don Juan de Oñate after the shooting of a man during rival protests around it. The next day, crews removed the statue from outside Albuquerque Museum.
41. June 15: John Sutter, California
Workers removed a bronze depiction of California settler and businessman John Sutter from Sutter Medical Center in Sacramento after vandals defaced it with graffiti. Sutter abused and enslaved Native Americans in the 1840s, according to HistoryNet.
42. June 16: Howitzer Monument, Virginia
Rioters toppled Richmond’s Howitzer Monument and littered it with graffiti. The monument, built in 1892, commemorates a Confederate artillery unit known as the Howitzers, the Richmond Times-Dispatch reported.
43. June 18: George Washington, Oregon
A mob pulled down a statue of George Washington outside the German American Society in Portland, Oregon. Vandals defaced the statue with graffiti and wrapped an American flag around its head and set it on fire.
44. June 19: Francis Scott Key, California
Rioters toppled a statue of Francis Scott Key, author of “The Star-Spangled Banner,” on the day known as Juneteenth, which commemorates the day in 1865 that slaves in Texas learned Lincoln had freed them a year and a half earlier.
45. June 19: St. Junipero Serra, California
A mob pulled down a statue of St. Junipero Serra, an 18th-century Roman Catholic priest and missionary, that had stood in San Francisco’s Golden Gate Park for over a century. Some sources say the Spanish missionary abused Native Americans on the West Coast and subjected them to forced labor.
46. June 19: Ulysses S. Grant, California
Rioters toppled a bust of Ulysses S. Grant, the Union general and later president who played an integral role in ending slavery in America. A crowd of 400 gathered and watched in San Francisco’s Golden Gate Park as vandals pulled down the monument. Police were present, but made no arrests.
47. June 19: Gen. Albert Pike, District of Columbia
A crowd cheered as rioters toppled a statue of Albert Pike, apparently the only Confederacy-related statue in Washington, D.C. The group gathered around the fallen statue shouting, “Black lives matter” before setting it on fire with lighter fluid. The Massachusetts-born Pike, a journalist, lawyer, and orator, resigned from the Confederate States Army in July 1862.
48. June 19: Confederate monument, North Carolina
Demonstrators pulled down statues of two Confederate soldiers from a monument just outside the State Capitol in Raleigh. They dragged a bronze depiction of a cavalryman down the road with a rope around its neck and hung the statue from a lightpost. They dragged the statue of an artilleryman to the front of the Wake County Courthouse. Gov. Roy Cooper, a Democrat, ordered work crews to remove what was left of the monument.
49. June 19: Confederate monument, Georgia
Crews removed a 30-foot Confederate monument from Decatur Square in Decatur, Georgia. DeKalb County Judge Clarence Seeliger ordered the monument be taken down and stored, WSB-TV reported.
50. June 20: Henry Lawson Wyatt, North Carolina
Crews removed a statue of Henry Lawson Wyatt, believed to be the first Confederate soldier killed at the start of the Civil War, from its location in Raleigh. Gov. Roy Cooper ordered the statue removed in the interest of public safety.
51. June 20: Women of the Confederacy, North Carolina
By the governor’s order, workers removed a monument dedicated to the women of North Carolina who lived during the Civil War.
52. June 20: St. Junipero Serra, California
A crowd shouted “Take it down! Take it down!” as rioters toppled a bronze depiction of St. Junipero Serra in Father Serra Park in downtown LA. The Los Angeles Times reported that Native Americans of various ages gathered around the face-down statue as some doused it with red paint.
53. June 22: Andrew Jackson, District of Columbia
Rioters attempted to tear down a statue of Andrew Jackson in Lafayette Square near the White House, but police intervened. Vandals did succeed in defacing the base of the statue with graffiti reading “KILLER” and “RACIST SCUM,” among other things. The Justice Department on July 2 charged four men with defacing the statue, including a man identified as a ringleader.
54. June 24: John C. Calhoun, South Carolina
Workers removed a statue of former Vice President John C. Calhoun from Marion Square in Charleston. The City Council had voted unanimously June 23 to remove the statue.
55. June 29: George Washington, New York
A man and a woman threw balloons filled with red paint on two statues of Washington that stand on either side of the famed arch at Washington Square Park in Manhattan. One depicts Washington as president, the other as a Revolutionary War general.
56. June 30: Lincoln Emancipation Statue, Massachusetts
Boston’s Art Commission voted to remove a statue of President Abraham Lincoln holding the Emancipation Proclamation while a freed slave rises from a kneeling position with broken shackles on his wrists. Citizens began a petition drive to keep the statue at its Park Square location.
57. June 30: New York City Hall, New York
Rioters used black spray paint and tape to deface statues of three figures standing on the side of New York City Hall in Manhattan. On and around the statues, they wrote phrases such as “ALL COPS LIE,” “You f— a— cops are getting abolished,” and “NO JUSTICE NO PEACE.”
58. June 30: Confederate monument, Georgia
Workers removed a statue of a Confederate soldier from outside the Rockdale County courthouse in Conyers, Georgia, the Associated Press reported.
59. June: Confederate plaque, Arizona
Sometime in June, a vandal or vandals stole a brass plaque honoring “Confederate frontiersmen” from Picacho Peak State Park in southern Arizona. Arizona Gov. Doug Ducey, a Republican, has not announced plans to replace the marker, the Arizona Capitol Times reported. Dedicated in 1984, the plaque described the “Battle at Picacho” in 1862 as the “westernmost battle of the Civil War.”
60. July 1: Elk statue, Oregon
A mob set fire to an iconic, 120-year-old statue of an elk atop a fountain in Portland, which also had been covered with graffiti in recent weeks. The city removed the statue the next day, citing safety concerns.
61. July 1: Stonewall Jackson, Virginia
Work crews removed a statue of Confederate Gen. Stonewall Jackson from Richmond’s Monument Avenue, on order of Mayor Levar Stoney, a Democrat.
62. July 2: Matthew Fontaine Maury, Virginia
Work crews in Richmond removed a graffiti-covered statue of Matthew Fontaine Maury, a Confederate naval officer during the Civil War who is more broadly known as the “Father of Oceanography.”
63. July 4: St. Junipero Serra, California
Rioters toppled and set fire to a statue of St. Junipero Serra, an 18th-century Roman Catholic priest, outside the California State Capitol in Sacramento. They also pounded the statue with sledgehammers.
64. July 4: Christopher Columbus, Connecticut
Someone decapitated a statue of Columbus outside Waterbury City Hall.
65. July 4: “El Soldado,” California
Someone spray-painted the words “F— Colonizers” on the base of a statue honoring Mexican-American soldiers in Sacramento. The act was a “hate crime,” Chris Marzan, spokesman for the California Mexican American Veterans Memorial Foundation, said.
66. July 4: Christopher Columbus, Maryland
Rioters toppled a white marble statue of Columbus and threw it into Baltimore’s Inner Harbor. Crews lifted the remains of the sculpture from the water the following Monday.
67. July 5: Frederick Douglass, New York
Someone ripped a statue of Frederick Douglass from its base in Rochester on the 168th anniversary of the celebrated abolitionist’s famous speech there titled “What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?” The statue suffered significant damage, authorities said.
68. July 7: Gen. J.E.B. Stuart, Virginia
Workers used a crane to remove a statue of J.E.B. Stuart, Confederate general, from Richmond’s Monument Avenue. Rioters had spray-painted the bronze monument of the general atop a horse.
69. July 7: Christopher Columbus and Queen Isabella, California
Crews removed a statue known as “Columbus’ Last Appeal to Queen Isabella” from the rotunda of the State Capitol in Sacramento. The sculpture had been on display since 1883.
70. July 7: Confederate monument, North Carolina
Police arrested three suspects in connection with the vandalism with graffiti of a 111-year-old Confederate monument in front of a United Methodist church in Cornelius.
71. July 8: Confederate Soldiers and Sailors, Virginia
Workers removed a 100-foot monument known as “Confederate Soldiers and Sailors” from Libby Hill Park in Richmond. Vandals had covered the base of the monument—featuring a Confederate soldier atop a pillar—with graffiti.
72. July 9: Confederate monument, Georgia
Vandals defaced a monument in Savannah, Georgia, honoring Confederate soldiers killed at the Battle of Gettysburg, using red paint and writing “SILENT NO MORE.” The perpetrators also broke off parts of the statue, which is in Laurel Grove Cemetery.
73. July 10: John McDonogh, Louisiana
A vandal or vandal pulled down a statue of John McDonogh outside Gallier Hall in New Orleans.
74. July 10: Charles Didier Dreux, Louisiana
A vandal or vandals toppled a bust of Confederate Col. Charles Didier Dreux on Canal Street in New Orleans. Dreux is reported to have been the first Confederate field officer to die in the Civil War.
75. July 10: Sophie B. Wright, Louisiana
Vandals defaced a statue of educator and philanthropist Sophie B. Wright with red paint and graffiti reading “BLM.” Wright, the daughter of a Confederate soldier who was born the year after the Civil War ended, became controversial in recent years because she belonged to the Daughters of the Confederacy. She died in 1912.
76. July 11: The Virgin Mary, Massachusetts
Someone set fire to artificial flowers in the hand of a statue of the Virgin Mary at Saint Peter’s Parish Church in Dorchester. Flames charred the statue’s face and upper body.
77. July 12: Confederate monument, North Carolina
A vandal or vandals partially pulled down a statue dedicated to the Confederate soldiers of Sampson County, North Carolina. Workers removed the statue later that day over safety concerns.
78. July 13: Thomas Ruffin, North Carolina
Workers removed a statue of Thomas Ruffin, chief justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court before the Civil War, from the state’s Court of Appeals in Raleigh. Ruffin, a slave owner, served as chief justice of the state’s highest court from 1833-1852.
79. July 13: Confederate monument, Texas
Vandals defaced a monument to Confederate soldiers in Amarillo with orange and blue paint.
80. July 13: Confederate monument, North Carolina
The Pasquotank County Board of Commissioners voted 4-3 to remove a monument to Confederate soldiers from courthouse square in Elizabeth City. The board has yet to decide where it will be relocated.
81. July 14: Confederate monument, Texas
The Gainesville City Council voted unanimously to remove a Confederate monument from Leonard Park. The monument, built in 1908, features a Confederate soldier atop a tall pillar.
82. July 14: Ronald Reagan, Illinois
Two women vandalized the base of a statue of President Ronald Reagan in Dixon with blue paint reading “BLACK LIVES MATTER.” The Dixon Police Department obtained photos of the women and asked the public to help identify them. Reagan lived in Dixon from age 9 to 22.
83. July 14: Confederate monument, Florida
The Madison City Commission voted 3-2 to remove a 23-foot statue honoring Madison County’s Confederate soldiers, which was dedicated in 1909.
84. July 14: Alexander Andreyevich Baranov, Alaska
The Sitka Assembly voted 6-1 to remove a statue of Alexander Andreyevich Baranov, a prominent Russian merchant and trader, from outside Harrigan Centennial Hall in Sitka, the former Russian capital of Alaska. From 1799 to 1818, Baranov was in effect the first governor of Alaska.
85. July 14: Confederate monument, Georgia
Macon Mayor Robert Reichert, a Democrat, announced plans to remove a prominent Confederate monument during a meeting of the Macon-Bibb Board of Commissioners. Vandals defaced the monument with graffiti in June.
86. July 15: George Washington, Louisiana
Vandals defaced a statue of Washington with red paint and graffiti reading “BLM.” The statue stands just outside the New Orleans Public Library.
87. July 16: Hiawatha, Wisconsin
The Board of Park Commissioners in La Crosse, a town about two hours northwest of Madison, Wisconsin, voted unanimously to remove from Riverside Park the Hiawatha statue of a Native American man. The La Crosse Tribune reported that Mayor Tim Kabat, a progressive, requested the action.
88. July 17: Union soldiers monument, New York
Vandals smashed a 145-year-old statue of a Union soldier in Saratoga Springs, New York. The monument was built in honor of the Bemis Heights Regiment, New York’s 77th volunteer regiment.
89. July 17: Robert E. Lee, Maryland
Vandals defaced a statue of Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee with graffiti reading “BLM” and “RACIST,” among other things. The statue is at Antietam National Battlefield in Sharpsburg, Maryland.
90. July 17: Police monument, Missouri
A mob vandalized a memorial to fallen police officers outside Police Department headquarters in downtown Kansas City. The vandals painted words such as “ABOLISH KCPD” and “FEDS GO HOME” over the names of Kansas City officers killed in the line of duty.
91. July 17: Marcus Daly, Montana
A vandal or vandals defaced a statue of Ireland-born businessman Marcus Daly with graffiti on the Montana Technological University campus in Butte. Several local residents spent hours scrubbing the words “Old white man,” “tear it down,” and “Black Lives Matter” off the monument.
92. July 21: Confederate monument, Louisiana
The Caddo Parish Commission and the Shreveport, Louisiana, chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy reached a court settlement to remove a Confederate monument from outside the local courthouse.
93. July 22: Roger B. Taney, District of Columbia
The House of Representatives voted 305-113 to remove a bust of Roger B. Taney, the U.S. chief justice who wrote the Supreme Court’s Dred Scott decision, from the Capitol. The bill also orders removal from the Capitol of “all statues of individuals who voluntarily served the Confederate States of America.”
94. July 22: Robert E. Lee, Virginia
A vandal or vandals toppled a statue of Lee in Roanoke, Virginia. The city planned to remove the statue sometime after a public hearing Aug. 17. Crews removed the damaged statue and placed it in storage the day after vandals defaced it.
95. July 23: Confederate monument, Arizona
Workers removed a stone monument to Confederate troops in Phoenix. State officials announced plans to return the monument to the United Daughters of the Confederacy.
96. July 23: Jefferson Davis Memorial Highway marker, Arizona
Workers removed a marker for Jefferson Davis Memorial Highway near Phoenix.
97. July 23: Junipero Serra, California
Crews removed a statue of St. Junipero Serra, the 18th-century Roman Catholic priest and missionary, from outside Ventura City Hall. The City Council voted unanimously July 15 to remove and relocate the statue, KCOY-TV reported.
98. July 24: Christopher Columbus, Illinois
Crews removed a statue of Columbus from Grant Park in Chicago. Rioters had attempted to topple the statue in mid-July.
99. July 24: Confederate monuments, Virginia
Crews removed a statue of Robert E. Lee and busts of seven other Confederate leaders from the Virginia Capitol in Richmond. House Speaker Eileen Filler-Corn, a Democrat from Fairfax County, ordered removal of the sculptures. Busts removed included those of Jefferson Davis, president of the Confederacy; Fitzhugh Lee, Confederate cavalry general and 40th governor of Virginia; Confederate generals J.E.B. Stuart, Stonewall Jackson, and Joseph E. Johnston; Matthew Fontaine Maury, Confederate naval officer; and Alexander Stephens, vice president of the Confederacy. Workers also removed a plaque in honor of Thomas Bocock, speaker of the House for the Confederate States of America.
100. July 25: Confederate monument, Virginia
Workers removed a 27-foot statue of a Confederate soldier in Virginia Beach, 13News reported. The City Council voted unanimously to remove the statue two days before it was moved to a storage facility.
101. July 28: Confederate monument, Texas
Caldwell County commissioners voted 4-1 to relocate a Confederate monument that has stood on the lawn of the county courthouse in Lockhart. The monument will be moved to a museum, Fox 7 in Austin reported.
102. July 28: Confederate monument, Georgia
Workers removed a century-old Confederate monument from McDonough Square in McDonough, Georgia, WSB-TV reported. The Henry County Board of Commissioners had voted 4-1 three weeks earlier to take down the monument after a petition garnered more than 13,000 signatures, Fox 5 in Atlanta reported.
103. July 29: Francis Drake, California
At the order of the city manager, workers removed a statue of explorer Francis Drake from Larkspur Landing, the main Golden Gate Ferry terminal in Larkspur, California, SFist reported. Drake, an English naval officer who famously circumnavigated the world, died in 1596 at age 55. Some now call Drake a “slave trader” because as a young man 30 years earlier, he sailed under a cousin who led early slaving voyages.
104. July 30: Christopher Columbus, Illinois
Workers removed Chicago’s third and last statue of Columbus from Drake Fountain in the southern part of the city. The Washington Post reported that Chicago Mayor Lori Lightfoot, a Democrat, decided to remove the statue temporarily to protect it from rioters.
105. Aug. 10: Confederate monument, Georgia
The Athens-Clarke County Commission voted unanimously to remove this Confederate memorial dating from 1872. Black Lives Matter protesters had defaced the memorial by spray-painting it with graffiti.
106. Aug. 20: Confederate memorial, Michigan
The Cape Girardeau City Council voted 6-1 to remove the monument from Ivers Square. The monument was erected as a gift to the city in 1931.
107. Aug. 23: William Wing Loring, Florida
Overnight, workers removed the William Wing Loring monument from University of Florida property in St. Augustine, Florida. Loring was a Confederate soldier who also fought during the Mexican-American War and later represented the United States as inspector general to the sultan of Egypt. The university announced its decision to remove all Confederate monuments from university-owned land in June. The Loring monument was moved to privately owned land in accord with the wishes of Loring’s descendants.
108. Aug. 25: Historic marker, Kentucky
Western Kentucky University officials approved removal of a historic sign denoting Bowling Green as the Confederate state capital of Kentucky. University officials were wary of ongoing race-related protests and concerned about the central placement of the marker. This was the second time it was removed.
109. Sept. 3: Louis XVI, Kentucky
Workers removed a statue of King Louis XVI from Jefferson Square Park in downtown Louisville, Kentucky, to protect it from further damage. Vandals broke off one of the hands on the statue during the first night of protests in May; vandals also spray-painted the statue with graffiti. Louisville was named after Louis XVI, the last king of France before the French Revolution, in honor of the monarch’s support for American colonists during the Revolutionary War. He was executed by guillotine in 1793. The statue was a gift from the city of Montpellier in southern France as a symbol of friendship.
110. Sept. 12: Confederate memorial, Virginia
Workers removed a Confederate statue in Charlottesville, Virginia, to the cheers of onlookers. The Albemarle County Board of Supervisors voted unanimously to remove the 900-pound bronze statue of a figure known as “At Ready” from outside the county courthouse.
111. Sept. 27: John Pelham, Alabama
The Anniston, Alabama, City Council voted 4-1 to remove a memorial of Confederate war hero John Pelham, whose hometown was nearby Alexandria, as a show of support for protesters. The memorial had been in its original location on Quintard Avenue for 115 years.
112. Oct. 12: Abraham Lincoln, Oregon
Rioters in Portland, Oregon, toppled a statue of President Abraham Lincoln in what they called an “Indigenous Peoples’ Day of Rage.” They said they were angry about the Columbus Day holiday and Lincoln’s approval of the execution of 38 Dakota Sioux fighters known as the “Dakota 38.”
113. Oct. 12: Roosevelt ‘Rough Rider’ statue, Oregon
Rioters in Portland, Oregon, toppled a statue of President Theodore Roosevelt as part of the “Indigenous Peoples’ Day of Rage.” They defaced the statue with red paint and used a blowtorch on the base. They threw chains around the statue in an apparent reference to what they said was Roosevelt’s hostile treatment of Native Americans.
Nathalie Voit contributed to this list, which was updated and expanded July 31, Aug. 7, and Nov. 2.